GANDHI VISHE SVAPN- BALAK DWARA LAKHAYEL SPEECH

GANDHI VISHE SVAPN- BALAK DWARA LAKHAYEL SPEECH

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi 2 October 1869 - 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist, who employed nonviolent resistance. The successful campaign for India's independence from the British Rule, and in turn inspires movements for civil rights and freedom throughout the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable"), first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa, is now used throughout the world.

Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, a resident of the Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he set about organizing peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for various social causes and achieving Swaraj or self-rule. 

Gandhi led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt in March 1930, and later calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, over many occasions, in Both South Africa and India. He lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore a traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, with woven yarn hand-spun on a charkha. It is a simple vegetarian food, and also undertakes long fasts as a means of both self-purification and political protest.

Gandhi's vision of an independent India based religious pluralism was challenged in the early 1940s by a new Muslim nationalism which demanded a separate Muslim homeland be carved out of India.In August 1947, Britain granted independence, but the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan.As many displaced Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs made their way to their new lands, religious violence broke out, especially in Punjab and Bengal. Eschewing the official celebration of independence in Delhi, Gandhi visited the affected areas, trying to provide solace. In the months following, he undertook several faststruck deaths to stop religious violence. The last of these, undertaken on 12 January 1948 when he was 78, also had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets to Pakistan.Some Indians thought Gandhi was too accommodating.Among them was Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist who assassinated Gandhi on 30 January 1948 by firing three bullets into his chest.

Gandhi's birthday, October 2, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Nonviolence. Gandhi is usually, though not formally considered, the Father of the Nation in India.Gandhi is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa).

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